The neuromuscular activity at the stomatognat level presents a special complexity, concordant with the variety of functions made by the system to whom we address. The accomplishment of the stomatognat system’s functions is based largely on the neuromuscular activity that assures the mandibulary dynamics and static. In the past years there have been discovered reflex correlations between the different components of the stomatognat system, as well as between these former and the specter to which they
integrate. The neurological diseases are frequent in the clinical medicine, although a lot of physicians have trouble with the diagnostic of the nervous system diseases and are unprepared for effectively treating the neurological conditions. The neurological diseases can produce an astonishing array of symptoms and signs or they can destroy the patient’s capacity of communicating normally with the examiner. Examination may require a lot of time and the right diagnostic necessitates a theoretical knowledge and practice of the relevant principles of nuroanatomy. The goal of the neurological method is to define the patient’s disease, first in anatomical terms and then in pato-physiological terms. The postural tonus as a state of semi-contraction of the muscles which assure the maintenance of the body’s normal posture in the state of pause and movement is the result of dynamic equilibrium the afferent tonegene circuits (neuromuscular spindle, tendinos Giolgi organ) and medulary afferent (motor Aalfa and gamma loop), permanently modulated by the super-medulary nervous formations. These interfere either as a neuro-reflex, either voluntary, as we can speak of subcortical (from the neurocerebral trunk, nuclei bazali, cerebellum) or cortical influences. The neuro-fusal device and its reflex connections would make up a cybernetic recontrol system for the adaptation of the appropriate length of an optimum muscular tone activity in which the interference of a alfa-gamma coupled mechanism would play anessential role. In regulating muscle tone, a special importance is attributed to the gamma system, the Renshaw circuit and some super-medulary formations. The mechanism through which striated muscle tone is achieved has a special complexity, as there isn’t practically any nervous formation who doesn’t participate in regulating and maintaining tonus (Granit). But, whether of their higheror lower level, simpler or more complex, each of the mechanisms which influence muscle tone has a common final way: the motoneuron, to which finally leadall impulses with tonigen significance.
- MUSCULAR TONUS
- NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES
- NEUROMUSCULAR ACTIVITY