Although the extent of injury and the amount of lost periodontal tissue that must be filled are important determinants, whether a damaged tissue heals by regeneration or is repaired by fibrous scar depends upon two crucial factors: the availability of needed cell type(s), and the presence or absence of the cues and signals necessary to recruit and stimulate these cells. Different patterns of healing may take place in periodontal tissues, such as healing by formation of a long junctional epithelium, connective tissue repair or
periodontal regeneration. The most important type of periodontal healing is characterized by de novo formation of cementum, a functionally oriented periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, and gingival tissue. Growth factors common to both cementum and bone include members of the TGF-beta superfamily, such as the BMPs, as well as IGF-I and IGF-II, platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and the fibroblast growth factors (FGFs).
- GROWTH FACTORS
- periodontal regeneration