The role of occlusal trauma and of its effect in the progression and treatment of periodontal disease has been over time a source of inexhaustible controversy. The present paper evaluates the effect of occlusion trauma on the progression of treated and untreated periodontal diseases. All patients included in the study received nonsurgical treatment and complex periodontal surgical treatment recommended for initial screening as part of the full treatment plan. In addition, all patients were given a second exam within at least 12 months after the initial examination, which included registration of another complete set of data that followed the algorithm of those recorded during first examination.The teeth without occlusal trauma were found to have significantly lower pocket depths than those with treated occlusal trauma (P <0.0001) or with untreated occlusal trauma (P <0.0001) observed at initial examination. Similarly, teeth without occlusal trauma were found to have significantly better initial prognostic values than the treated teeth (P <0.0001) or those with untreated occlusal trauma (P <0.0001). Both the teeth treated with occlusal trauma and those without initial occlusal trauma shown only about 60% probability that the prognosis will worsen over time, compared to teeth with untreated occlusal trauma. Only teeth without initial occlusal trauma were shown to present a significantly lower percentage as a probability of worsening prognosis over time (P = 0.020). In terms of increasing mobility over time, at teeth without initial occlusal trauma, this is less likely to aggravate than at teeth with traumatic occlusal trauma or with untreated occlusal trauma. Following the analysis of the results of the evaluations, we consider that the goal pursued in each clinically diagnosed and treated case should be to provide for atraumatic and stable occlusal contacts. Otherwise, occlusal obstacles, even with the presence of maximum intercuspidinal contacts, prevent mandibular excursions, causing periodontal overload, with all known consequences.
Keywords:- complex periodontal treatment.
- PERIODONTAL DISEASE
- traumatic occlusion