The recent development of bonding systems used in restorative dentistry has led to the introduction of new adhesive systems, characterized by adequate bonding strength, optimum adhesion to wet dentin and simplified application technique. The most effective products are characterized by removal or dissolution of the smear layer, demineralization of both dentin and enamel and resin infiltration into enamel micropores, dentin collagen matrix and opened dentine tubules. Self-etch adhesive systems have been developed in an attempt to combine increased adhesion and simplified technique. Although etching with phosphoric acid has been an accepted practice for several decades, being amply supported by numerous experimental and clinical studies, the new generations of adhesives aim at a major leap in concepts and technologies. The diversity of products available on the market and the variety of therapeutic protocols create confusion, making difficult to properly select and apply the appropriate adhesive system for each clinical case. In the absence of knowledge about the specific mechanisms of adhesion, practitioner’s choice is random and the application is polluted by misconceptions. Preliminary etching may be required for a successful bonding of an adhesive system, yet it can jeopardize the outcome when using another product. Optimizing bonding in restorative dentistry still depends on understanding the mechanisms of adhesion and on applying rigorous techniques. Most important, the bonding system should not be randomly used but wisely chosen in order to adapt to the tissue particularities, specific stress, type of cavity and restorative technique.
Keywords:- DENTIN
- enamel
- self-etch adhesive systems
- universal adhesives