Introduction. Despite the achievements of modern medicine, a systemic approach on the treatment and prevention of periodontal diseases is rather limited in clinical dentistry, and their genesis is interpreted from local positions. Often, the commonality of the leading mechanisms that initiate the development of pathological processes in various organs and tissues of the body is not taken into account. The aim of the study was to determine the values of stressors (α-amylase, glucose, and cortisol) and the relative risk factors for periodontal disease development in patients with general somatic diseases. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 36 subjects with cardiovascular disease, 35 patients with neurological disease, 36 with gastrointestinal disease and 37 with rheumatic diseases. The obtained data was compared with the values of 30 somatically and dentally healthy individuals (control group). The activity of α-amylase and glucose concentration in human blood and oral fluid were determined by the enzymatic colometric method. Calculation of the concentration of cortisol in the blood and oral fluid of patients was performed using solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and calculation of relative risk (RR) – according to formula: RR = a / b. Results and discussion. On the average, in patients with inflammatory diseases of the periodontal tissues, the activity of α-amylase in the blood and oral fluid was 1.4 (p <0.01) and, respectively, 1.2 times (p> 0.05) higher than in the control group. At the same time, the concentration of glucose in patients with inflammatory diseases of the periodontal tissues was higher than in the control: in blood – 1.2 times and in the oral fluid – 1.4 times (p> 0.05). On the average, the level of cortisol in the patients of the main groups with inflammatory diseases of the periodontal tissues was higher than in the control group (in both blood and oral fluid) – 1.3 times (p> 0.05). Conclusions. Whichever the somatic diseases, for all patients, the factors causing their development were increased concentrations of α-amylase and cortisol in the biological fluids.
Keywords:- cortisol
- general somatic diseases.
- glucose
- PERIODONTAL DISEASE
- relative risk factors
- α-amylase